The Mathematical Expectancy Equation
The performance of any probabilistic system is governed by Mathematical Expectancy (\(E\)) per dollar risked:
E = (W imes R) - (L imes 1.0)
Where:
- \(W\) = Win Rate (probability of a winning trade)
- \(L\) = Loss Rate (\(1 - W\))
- \(R\) = Payoff Ratio (Average Win / Average Loss)
The 90% Win Rate Disaster Scenario
Consider a martingaling scalping system:
- Win Rate (\(W\)): 90% (0.90)
- Average Profit: 0
- Average Loss (when stop eventually hits or catastrophic move occurs): 20
- Payoff Ratio (\(R\)): 0.083
- Expectancy: \((0.90 imes 10) - (0.10 imes 120) = 9 - 12 = -\.00\) per trade!
Despite winning 9 out of every 10 trades, the strategy is mathematically guaranteed to wipe out account equity over sufficient iterations.